Leopold had administered Katanga separately, but in 1910, the Belgian government merged it with the Belgian Congo. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. [22], In 1919, the island of Comacina was bequeathed to King Albert I of Belgium for a year, and became an enclave under the sovereignty of Belgium. Katan Bensamoun, Yvette, Rama Chalak, and Jacques-Robert Katan. By the mid-1950s, an independence movement was underway. The people, although classified as Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa, essentially spoke the same language. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. In the years following the Boxer Rebellion, the diplomat Maurice Joostens negotiated a concession for Belgium. It was an apartheid type of social and political system. Congo) in Africa, ruled by Belgium from 1908 until 1960. Vellut, Jean-Luc, Florence Loriaux, and Franoise Morimont, eds. From early April 1994 through mid-July 1994, members, Africa, Modern U.S. Security Policy and Interventions, African American Catholics in the United States (History of), https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/africa-belgian-colonies. He proclaimed himself king-sovereign of Congo Free State at a time when France, Britain, Portugal, and Germany also had colonies in the area. Colonial rule in the Congo began in the late 19th century. It became a League of Nations Class B mandate allotted to Belgium, from 1924 to 1945. Ethnic Conflict. Foreign Policy No. This antagonism, coupled with the high population density in these overwhelmingly agricultural countries, was to form a volatile environment in the following decades, causing several interethnic massacres, of which the Rwandan genocide of 1994 was the most terrifying example. Encyclopedia.com. How many countries did Belgium colonize in Africa? Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. On January 17, 1961, the government of Moise Tshombe in Katanga, with the full support of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), murdered Lumumba and two of his associates in cold blood. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. When France, in the early 1880s, started to develop a political hold along the banks of the lower Congo, the AIC (which, in the meantime, had hired the British explorer Henry Morton Stanley (18411904) as its local manager) also began to conclude treaties whereby African chiefs recognized the association's sovereignty. Egypt was also under colonialism, but it did have a unique history . Vocabulary. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics".
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